BIO

BIO is an indirubin compound that is cell-permeable and is a selective and potent reversible inhibitor of GSK3α and GSK3β (IC₅₀ = 5 nM) and functions as a WNT activator.

REPROGRAMMING

• Enhances reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts, neural stem cells, and thymocytes to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (Lluis et al.).

MAINTENANCE AND SELF-RENEWAL

• Maintains self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells in the absence of LIF (Sato et al.).
• Maintains self-renewal of human ES cells in unconditioned medium through a SMAD 2/3 dependent mechanism (James et al., Sato et al.).
• Induces proliferation of neonatal and adult rat cardiomyocytes (Tseng et al.).

DIFFERENTIATION

• Promotes differentiation of cardiomyocytes from human ES and iPS cells (Lian et al.).