Analysis of an outbreak of VIM-producing <em>Citrobacter freundii</em> by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy using the IR Biotyper system

In this application note, Bruker presents an analysis of an outbreak of Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM)-producing Citrobacter freundii by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy using the IR Biotyper^® system. VIM is one of the ‘Big Five’ carbapenemases, together with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), imipenemase (IMP), New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), and class D oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48) family. The IR Biotyper proved to be an effective tool to investigate clonal relationships between different C. freundii isolates, providing results consistent with the reference DNA-based methods.