Confocal Raman & AFM Imaging of Paper

A detailed understanding of the micro- and nanostructures of paper in its successive stages of production as well as the final paper composition at a sub-micron level are essential for further improvement of its properties. The aim of this application note is to present examples of confocal Raman and AFM measurements from several stages of the paper manufacturing process followed by examples where such measurements give more insight into printing and writing on paper.