Quantitation of Opiates to Low Levels in Urine for Forensic Use Using an Affordable, High-Resolution, Accurate-Mass Mass Spectrometer

Forensic toxicologists need an economical instrument capable of both screening a large number of compounds and quantifying smaller panels to industry-established limits. In this application note, a method for quantitation of six opiates—morphine, codeine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, and oxycodone—in human urine down to low ng/mL levels. This work was performed on a Q Exactive Focus hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer.