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IFNα antibody, TIF-3C5, recognizes interferon (IFN)-α, a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the type I IFN family of cytokines. IFNα is induced following recognition of microbial products via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Hematopoietic cells, particularly plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), are the predominant source of IFNα following stimulation1,2. IFNα binds to the ubiquitously expressed common type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) that consists of the α-chain (IFNAR1) and the β-chain (IFNAR2), ultimately resulting in the transcription of various IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that contribute to antiviral immunity. ISGs directly promote antipathogenic activity by inhibiting viral entry, transcription, translation, and assembly in host cells. ISGs also synergize with other cytokines to activate innate effector cells, such as NK cells and dendritic cells (DCs), augment host adaptive immune responses, and enhance antigen presentation3. IFNα plays a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)4. In addition, IFNα has multiple anti-tumor properties, including direct cytotoxicity of tumor cells and stimulating innate and adaptive immune cells, and IFNα is FDA-approved for the treatment of multiple cancers5.