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5-Azacytidine
Epigenetic modifier; Inhibits DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)
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5-Azacytidine is an analog of the nucleoside cytidine which can be incorporated into DNA and RNA. 5-Azacytidine acts as an epigenetic modifier by incorporating into DNA where it irreversibly binds to DNA methyltransferases, thus inhibiting their activity.
REPROGRAMMING
- Increases reprogramming efficiency of mouse fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by inducing full reprogramming of partially reprogrammed cells (Mikkelsen et al.).
- Resets epigenetic memory in mouse iPS cells, in combination with Trichostatin A (Kim et al.).
DIFFERENTIATION
- Enhances differentiation to cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells (Yoon et al.).
CANCER RESEARCH
- Wide range of anti-metabolic activities when tested against cultured cancer cells and an effective chemotherapeutic agent for acute myelogenous leukemia